Place: The place where a person is going to recite his or...

Place: The place where a person is going to recite his or her prayer should either belong to that person or that person must have permission to pray in that area unless the place is public. The spot where the forehead touches the ground should be clean ( tahir ), and prostration must be done on earth or inedible plants (including paper or wood). Purity of the body: Just as the soul must be pure, concentrated, and calm before the prayers, the body must also be free from impurities.

Certain items are considered ritually impure and must be avoided, removed, or purified before the prayers. A specified washing ( wudhu ) must also be done before the prayers: O you, who believe, when you intend to offer prayers, wash your faces and your hands from…