They maintain that everything is unalterable and predetermined.

They maintain that everything is unalterable and predetermined. The second school of thought, the Free Will, declares that human beings are masters of their own acts. This notion is in concordance with the Quran which states, “None will be wronged in anything, nor will you be requited anything except that which you used to do” (36:54). In addition to another verse from the Quran that states, “The truth is from your Lord.

So whomever wills, let him believe, and whoever wills, let him disbelieve” (18:29). From these two verses, it can be concluded that human beings have the freedom to act, but they must bear the moral responsibility and consequence of their actions. Furthermore, the acknowledgement of divine will itself makes people accept that their very actions are not predestined. The beginning of spiritual guidance is always from God, but the beginning of man's destruction is one's erroneous choice.

The Quran states, “Whatever good reaches you is from Allah, but whatever evil befalls you is from yourself” (4:79). [^1]: “We” refers to God. Sometimes “We” is used instead of “I” or “Allah” in the Quran to refer to God. Previous…