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Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Islamic Views On Human Rights: Viewpoints of Iranian Scholars Primary Principles Of Law In Islam Ayatullah Murtaza Mutahhari Prologue The following article is the text of a speech delivered under the title “ Primary Principles of Law in Islam ” and published under the same title in “ Twenty Speeches ” by Ayatullah Murtaza Mutahhari, the outstanding Muslim authority.

In view of the importance of his opinions, the staff of the conference deemed it necessary to reflect his views on the discussions of the conference and include them in the present book. Some opening parts of the original speech have been removed from the present article for they were appropriate to the time the speech was delivered. It is hoped that the views of this outstanding savant may add to the scholarly calibre of the conference. Justice is one of the principles of Islam.

This principle has deep roots in the history of Islam. Although divine justice was in vogue, it stretched to social justice as well; it has reached the point where Islam has ordered that people’s relations should be based on justice and preservation of rights and the restraint to violate each other’s rights and that no one has the right to violate the rights of others. Does such justice essentially hold any truth? Do people, regardless of the laws prescribed by Islam have any real rights?

Does Islam really explain their real rights? Does justice really involve the observance of others’ rights? In point of fact and regardless of the laws prescribed by religion, are truth and justice begotten by religious laws? Whatever religion holds just and right is right and just and whatever it holds unjust and cruel is duly unjust and cruel. There once emerged a group among Muslims who refuted the principle of Justice.

They announced the Divine rule to be above justice, both in creation and evolution and in law-making, claiming that the act of God follows no laws. There is one rule. Whatever God does is just and right, not meaning that God does what is just and right but that whatever ordered by God in religion is just and right, not meaning that what religion orders is right and just.