ভূমিকা

Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Islamic Views On Human Rights: Viewpoints of Iranian Scholars Individual Rights In Islam Ayatullah Sayyid Muhammad Khamini’i Freedom is too broad a concept to claim definition, the truth of which can be best perceived by human conscience and soul.

The most limited definition for freedom is not being in a state of slavery and the broadest one is not remaining in chains of servitude.[^1] This article is concerned with the definition of freedom particular to man in general and the explanation of individual freedoms in particular. The use of the word freedom, which has traveled from the realm of philosophy and law to that of politics, is paradoxically used in different connotations, and sometimes lacks a stable political status.

Hence, this spiritual definition of freedom is used as a political weapon. One of the most important points of our discussion is to study the exact definition of words. One of the difficulties of encountering the clashes between ideas and opinions is the ambiguity one may encounter in case of undefined words. In addition, these lexical common points can lead to logical fallacy and sophistry.

Words such as right, human being and human rights, freedom, justice and tens of other words are of this sort which are frequently talked about and for which there are no certain definitions. That is why instead of solving the problem, they only intensify it. At this juncture, a fundamental question comes up: Who is this human person? And where is he for whom rights are considered?

In some of the cultures and civilizations - either in the past or in the present - man was defined in very limited terms, which only included a certain nation or a certain ethnic group or followers of a certain religion excluded other human beings.

Instances of this are the idea of the Greek people about the non-Athenians (calling them Berbers) and the idea of the Romans about the non-Romans and the idea of Semite contemporary Western countries about the non-Europeans or the non-whites or the Semite tribes, this being implicitly stated in their holy book, the Talmud, that regard the non-Jews as having human dignity.