Besides his carnal and vegetable desires...

Besides his carnal and vegetable desires, (or in philosophical term, animal and vegetable self) he has the rational soul, reason, power of distinction, and most importantly, the willpower for organizing his human desires and the power of choice for choosing the best and the most rational things. In other words, the willpower logically leads us to the existence of the inherent freedom in man, for freedom must have inherent roots.

Moreover, if freedom is not inherent in man, it is meaningless to grant him willpower. In short, man is a creature endowed with special dignity and rational soul and voluntary power of choice. Hence, it should be said that man is the only creature on earth that has two kinds of natural and inherent freedoms: First: the same instinct for freedom, which exists in all creatures just as the instincts for eating, sleeping, passions, and rage.

The child is an instance of this whose behaviors like animals are all based on instinct and without the interference of will power[^2] or based on natural or conditional reflexes.

Second: the freedom particular to man which due to his inherent dignity and respect for his reason and this power and divine gift in the Holy Qur'an is described as heart and from this power man is bound to revelation and religion and deserves the title of being addressed: that is why all human beings and animals have rights but assignment is particular to man.[^3] The interesting point is that in Islam and in most traditions and customs, the freedoms of the second group (human freedoms) are juxtaposed with the first group freedoms (wild freedoms), putting them aside or limiting them.

From this one can realize that in human and social communities, the limiting of wild freedoms (the freedoms shared by man and animals) is in fact to the gain of man. Since the beginning of civilization wherever there is a society, which considers the general welfare, the animalistic freedoms are limited and laws have taken the place of force and domination.

Man’s Freedom in Islam According to Islam, the second group freedom, which is particular to man, is the main basis of social, political and even individual life of the human person. In addition, the Divine laws (known as Shari’ah) are fixed based on this external reality for man.