He is best known for his distinction between essence and existence...

He is best known for his distinction between essence and existence, in which the essences of existing thing must be explained by their existing cause(s), whose reality is higher than the sophical and theological perspective. (Pojman, 2003) Avicenna as a Persian philosopher, scientist, and physician, widely called ‘The Supreme Master’; held an unsurpassed position in Islamic philosophy.

His works, including the Canon of Medicine, are cited throughout most Medieval Latin philosophical and medical texts. The subject of more commentaries, glosses, and super glosses than any other Islamic philosopher, they have inspired generations of thinkers, including Persian poets. His philosophical works --- especially Healing: Directives and Remarks and Deliverance --- define Islamic Peripatetic philosophy, one of the three dominant schools of Islamic philosophy.

His contributions to science and philosophy are extraordinary in scope. He is thought to be the first logician to clearly define temporal modalities in prepositions, to diagnose and identify many diseases,…