ভূমিকা

Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Misbah-uz-Zulam, Roots of the Karbala’ Tragedy Battle Of Hunayn This was the last battle fought between the Muslim army and the infidel Quraish. After the conquest of Mecca, most Arab tribes had accepted the domination of the Holy Prophet (S), except the tribe of Saqifah and Hawazin, who confronted the Muslims at Hunayn in large numbers. The Muslim army was also very large.

Because the enemies attacked by deceit, all of a sudden, the Emigrants and Helpers, both left the Holy Prophet (S) and fled from the battle. Only four people remained on the battlefield according to historical accounts. They were Ali Ibn Abi Talib, Abbas, Abu Sufyan bin Harith bin Abdul Muttalib and Abdullah Ibn Masood. The names of these four are also mentioned in other narrations, which shows that there were nine people who remained steadfast in this battle.

In order to stop the people from fleeing the battlefield, the Prophet called them by titles of ‘People of Samara’ or ‘People of Tree’. Hearing this, around 100 people from the Helpers returned and rejoined fighting. The reason for addressing the people who fled, by these titles is that most of them were among those who had pledged allegiance to the Holy Prophet (S) at the tree of Rizwan.

The allegiance of Rizwan was performed when the Messenger of Allah (S) had proceeded to Mecca with the intention of performing Hajj, but he had to accede to the treaty with the Meccans. The allegiance was that the people will support and help the Prophet in all circumstances and will not desert him, come what may. They will never turn back from Jihad and shall always be busy in the service of the Prophet.

Since the allegiance of Rizwan occurred under a tree, it is also known as the allegiance given under the tree. That is why the Holy Prophet (S) called them by the title of the ‘People of Tree’ so that they shall be ashamed. It seems that the tree under which allegiance was given was the tree of Samara. Thus, when some absconders returned, the fighting restarted. A person by name of Abu Huroor came out from the ranks of infidels singing a war song and challenged the Muslims.

No one from the Muslim army offered to confront him. They were awestruck by his courage and strength. But the Zulfiqar of one who was unconquered, swiftly sent him to the place where previously Amr bin Abde Wudd, Marhab and Harith had been sent. The infidels suffered a clear defeat and seventy of them were killed.