Zaid was a pious person who spent his nights in prayers and his days fasting.

Zaid was a pious person who spent his nights in prayers and his days fasting. He went to the court of Hisham to advise him to end cruelty towards Muslims. Hisham treated him with insults, abusing Imam Baqir (A.S) and the members of the Prophet's family in general. Zaid could not bear these insults. He went to Kufa and raised an army to overthrow Hisham. Hisham sent his army under the commandership of Yusuf BinUmar Saqafi. In 122 AH after fighting bravely. Zaid was martyred. His uprising failed.

He was buried secretly but Hisham found his burial place and had the body of Zaid dug from the grave and placed on the cross. Later on, his body was burnt and ashes thrown in the River Euphrates. Zaid's son, Yahya, rose again in 125 AH but he too, was defeated, killed and his body treated with humiliation by the orders of Walid II, the successor of Hisham. 2).

Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Hassan Musannah Bin Hassan (A.S): On the death of Hisham in A.H 125, his brother Walid II, took over as the ruler of the Muslim Empire. Amir Ali described his as "...utterly oblivious of the ordinary rules of morality and addicted to drinking..." People were convinced that it was time the rulership be returned to the members of the House of the Prophet the Ahlul Bait.

Imam Jaffer Sadiq (A.S) refused to get involved in the underground movement that was getting ready to overthrow the Ummayade regime. Other members of the Bani Hashim decided to do otherwise; amongst them was Abdullah Mahaz and his children. They visited the secret meetings held in Medina where the Bani Abbasi leaders, Suffah and Mansoor. too were present - all planning to overthrow the Ummayade.

At one such meeting, Muhammad, the son of Abdullah Mahz was nominated to be the Caliph to replace the Ummayade ruler. Muhammad was a very virtuous person, so much so that he was known as Nafs-U-Zakiyar the "pu^e Soul". As he was considered the head of the house of Imanj Hassan (A.S) people nominated him as their Caliph.

Saffah and Mansoor were not happy about this but for the time being they kept quiet, waiting for the right time to come for them to act, and put forward their owtt claim to the throne. 3). Muhammad Bin Al Bin Abdullah Bin Abbas (The Abbasides) and his sons: Muhammad was the grandson of the famous Ibne Abbas, the, companion and cousin of the Prophet (S. A.W.W). He saw the opportunity of seizing the Caliphate for himself using the name of the "Ahlul-BaiT as away to gain support from the masses.