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Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Islamic Morals Introduction 2nd Edition Though man, by divine inspiration or natural instinct finds out the roots of good and bad and through natural guidance, differentiates between the desirable and the undesirable, it does not mean that people can understand all the problems facing them in the field of morality by themselves without a teacher. That they can easily distinguish virtues from vices and answer all the questions in this regard.

This is so because the knowledge of morals is so difficult and complex that despite deep studies by great philosophers throughout the centuries, some parts of the problem have remained unsolved even today and they have not become as clear as they should be and scholars are not able to give a definite reply to some questions pertaining to morals.

Therefore, we should try to grasp their realities and subtleties from the Holy Quran and words of the infallibles We must understand that in the school of thought of the Holy Prophets (s.a.w.s.), man is a being having two dimensions, that is to say, human nature has both a positive and a negative dimension. Man can travel upward as well as downward. In his temperament, he has inclination both toward good and bad. Man possesses both an intelligence and heart.

Intelligence guides him to the good and the graceful and he also has a lustful heart, which drives him toward the bad and the lowly. Human heart possesses both a constructive power and a destructive one. The Holy Quran points to both of them in various verses and says. Nay! I swear by the Day of Resurrection. Nay! I swear by the self-accusing soul.

Regarding the second it says: Most surely man's self is wont to command him to do evil, except such as my Lord has had mercy on, Man, naturally has an inclination toward God due to the positive dimension. The Quran says in the same background. In the right state - the nature made by Allah in which He has made men. He has power to travel toward good and become a lofty being.

He has the capacity to lift himself up to the state of Nafse Mutmainnah (Restful soul) How beautiful is the Word of Allah: O soul that art at rest! Return to your Lord, well pleased with Him, well pleasing Him. So enter among My servants. And enter into My garden. In the negative dimension, too, the human nature has been recognised as stingy, greedy, quarrelsome, hasty and thankless. Hence we find these subjects in the Holy Quran: And man is niggardly.