Endeavors for Shaking the Form In the years of starvation...

Endeavors for Shaking the Form In the years of starvation, Hashim was the only individual who committed himself to providing food to people. He was named the master of Bat'ha. His food­tables were spread in times of amenity and distress. He was wont to host the guests and the passersby and secure the troubled.[4] Umaya­bn­Abd Shams feared and envied him. He failed in imitating Hashim; therefore, the other Quraishi people criticized and imputed dishonor to him.

Hashim rejected his challenge to argue about the more honorable of them. Owing to Umaya's insistence, he accepted it. They agreed that the loser should undergo fifty she­camels and banished. As the arbiter ruled of Hashim's being more honorable, fifty she­camels of Umaya were slaughtered and he was deported to Syria. This was the first seed of hostility between the sons of Hashim and those of Umaya.

It seems that the motive beyond Umaya's challenge was his envying Hashim and the apprehension that he would be a serious danger against the political form according to which the sons of Abd Shams had been the leaders. Furthermore, He might have realized that the fame of Hashim would shake the form as a whole and would, as a result, cause people to follow him.[5] D.

the Augury of Prophesy In Mecca, it was commonly spread that soon there would be a prophet to be assigned by God, and that he would be a successor of Abd Menaf. Abu­Sufian was one of those who believed in this foretelling and worked depending on it. He established distinguishable relations with Abdullah­bn­Abis­Salt. According to his conception, Abu­Sufian was certain that the intended prophet should cancel the political form — of the Quraishi clans, the leadership of which was in his hand.

Hence, this prophet [4] At­Tabari's Tarikh, part.2, page180. As­Seeretul­Halabiyeh, part.1, page5. bn­Sa'd's At­Tabaqat, part.1, page76. [5] As­Seeretul­Halabiyeh, part.1, page15, and An­Nidhamus­Siyasi Fil­Islam, page170­1. would be forming the most hazardous factor against the sons of Umaya.

After a long period of panic and suffering, he could have a term of tranquillity since he believed that the prophet would be a successor of Abd Menaf, and there was none, from among the successors of Abd Menaf, fitter than him in undergoing such a mission.[6] On that account, he should certainly be the very one intended. E.