ভূমিকা

Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Classification of Arabic Documents Arabic Text Classification: The importance of ATC comes from the following main reasons; Due to Historical, Geographical, Religious reason; Arabic language is a very rich with documents.

A study of the world market, commissioned by the Miniwatts Marketing Group[^3] shows that the number of Arab Internet users in the Middle East and Africa could jumped to 32 million in 2008 from 2.5 million in the year 2000, and in June 2012 this number jumped to more than 90 million users, the growth of Arab Internet users in the Middle East region (for the same period 2000-2012) is expected to reach about 2,640% compared to the growth of the world Internet users.

The conducted research pointed out that 65% of the Internet Arabic speaking users could not read English pages. The big growth of the Arabic internet content in the last years has raised up the need for an Arabic language processing tools[^4] . But on the other hand there are many challenges facing the development of Arabic language processing tools including ATC tools. The first is that Arabic is a very rich language with complex morphology.

Arabic language belongs to the family of Semitic languages. It differs from Latin languages morphologically,syntactically and semantically. The writing system of Arabic has 25consonants and three long vowels that are written from right to left and change shapesaccording to their position in the word. In addition, Arabic has short vowels (diacritics)written above and under a consonant to give it its desired sound and hence give a word adesired meaning.

The common diacritics used in Arabic language are listed in Table 1[^5] . Table 1 Common short vowels (diacritics) used in Arabic text The Arabic language consists of three types of words; nouns, verbs and particles. Nouns and verbs are derived from a limited set of about 10,000 roots[^6] .Templates are applied to the roots in order to derive nounsand verbs by removing letters, adding letters, or includinginfixes.

Furthermore, a stem may accept prefixes and/orsuffixes in order to form the word[^7] . So, Arabic language is highly derivative where tens or even hundreds of words could be formed using only one root. Furthermore, a single word may be derived from multiple roots[^8] . In addition, it is very common to use diacritics (fully, partially even randomly) with classical poetry, children’s literature and in ordinary text when it is ambiguous to read.