ভূমিকা

Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Imam Ali (a.s.)'s Book of Government Politics in two Schools Imam Ali (a.s.) took over the affairs of Muslims on Dhil Hajja 18, 35 AH / June 17, 656 CE, and was martyred in his prayer niche on Ramadan 21, 40 AH/ January 29, 661 CE. Hence, the reign of his holiness lasted only four years, nine months, and three days.

Issues in relation to this period of his life are as follows: How the Imam (a.s.) attained power; dimensions of 'Alawi reformation and its fundamentals. Various kinds of resistance against 'Alawi policies; wars and clashes during his holiness' short period of rule. Administrators of Ali (a.s.)'s government and his companions. Plot for assassination of Imam Ali (a.s.), and his martyrdom.

Of the above mentioned topics, "'Alawi Policies in hukuma (rulership)" is of utmost importance and specific status due to its instructive and functional significance in the present era, and its guiding doctrine for rulers, particularly for the Islamic Republic of Iran's statesmen.

We believe that if "Politics" in 'Alawi and Umayyad schools is rightfully defined and the Imam's political principles in governing are, however briefly, delineated, objections that are made, and perhaps even now are manifested in some peoples' words and writings, on his political insight will be responded and his policies will be rightly and steadfastly defended. Political insight, from the viewpoints of Imam Ali, is one of the most crucial requirements of leadership.

The Imam not only considers "understanding politics" and having correct appreciation of it as the secret of durability of a government, but also stresses that "governing a state is the very politics".[^1] He asserts that political incapability is a malady that threatens the statesmen's authority with downfall. In the Imam's view, rulers who do not possess acute and efficient political insight will not stay long in office.

Eventually, incorrect policies, according to 'Alawi doctrines, are indicative of the decline of governments and downfall of states.[^2] Thus, according to 'Alawi school, ruling a community on the basis of Islamic principles would be practicable solely through the right statesmanship of the rulers. In other words, statesmanship is one of the general principles of management, equally important in various doctrines.