It is for this reason that they are called ummīyyīn .

It is for this reason that they are called ummīyyīn .’[^5] It can be asserted that idolaters were literate because the word of Imām al-Sādiq ( ‘a ) is decisive speech [or clear judgment].”[^6] [^1]: Makātīb al-Rasūl, p. 394; Al-Bidāyah wa al-Nihāyah, vol. 4, p. 328. [^2]: Sūrat al-Jumu‘ah 62:2. [^3]: Al-Mīzān, vol. 19, p. 264. [^4]: Tafsīr Qurtubī, vol. 18, p. 91. [^5]: Bihār al-Anwār, vol. 9, p. 243, as recounted from Tafsīr Qummī; Burhān, vol. 5, p. 332; Tafsīr Nūr al-Thaqalayn, vol. 5, p. 322.

[^6]: For more information see Tafsīr Ibn kathīr, vol. 1, p. 121; Bihār al-Anwār, vol. 16, p. 132; Al-Mīzān, vol. 19, p. 264. Previous…