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Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books The Fourteen Luminaries of Islam The Eleventh Infallible, Hadhrat Imam Muhammad al-Taqi, Jawad al-A’imma, The Ninth Imam Imam al-Jawad (as), the ninth Imam of the Shi‘ites, was born in Medina in 195/811. His name is Muhammad, also known as Jawad and Taqi. His other nicknames are Radhi and Muttaqi, but Taqi is the most popular of all. His noble mother was called Sabika or Khayzaran, both of which have been recorded in his biographies.

When his father died, Imam Muhammad al-Taqi (as) was about eight years old. After the heartrending martyrdom of Imam ‘Ali al-Ridha (a.s.) which took place late in the month of Safar, 203/September, 818, the office of Imamate was transferred to his honorable son Imam Jawad al-A’imma (as).

The Abbasid Ma’mun, who like other Abbasid caliphs was fearful of the Infallible Imam (as)'s spiritual popularity and innate influence as well as the spread of his virtues among the people, tried to take the son of Imam al-Ridha (a.s.) under his own special care. To this end, Ma’mun married her daughter Umm al-Fadhl off to Imam al-Jawad (as) so that he might have someone watch him from inside his own house.

Pains and offences that Imam al-Jawad (as) has suffered from this domestic agent are all recorded in the history.[^1] Among the methods Ma’mun applied against Imam ‘Ali al-Ridha (a.s.) was holding debate sessions. Ma’mun and later Mu‘tasim ‘Abbasi wanted – to their false supposition- to force him thereby into tight corners. They applied the same method to his son, Imam al-Jawad (as), too, especially at the beginning of his Imamate, when he was too young.

Ma’mun would not realize that Wilayat and Imamate which are Divine blessings, are not dependent upon young or old age. Anyhow, although at an early age and in his short life, Imam al-Jawad (as) entered scholarly debates in a period when different Islamic and non-Islamic sects were thriving, great scientists were there, sciences and arts had developed in other nations, and many books had been translated and published in Arabic.

With the Divine gift of Imamate, which had originated from his absolute Wilayat and Divine revelation, he promulgated Islamic precepts like his noble father and ancestors, teaching and guiding Muslims and undertaking to answering various questions. As an example, one of his debates is related as follows: In his Tafsir , ‘Ayyashi quotes Dharqan who was a companion and friend of Ahmad b.