All these 5 types of persons are exempted from fasting on...
All these 5 types of persons are exempted from fasting on the following conditions:- In cases of (b) they will have to pay Kaffara @ one 'Mudd' (¾ kilogram) wheat, rice or any such stable food, per day to a poor Ithna-asheri. It is 'Ahwat' to pay 1½ kilogram per day. In cases of (a) they are not required to pay any Kaffara, but it is highly recommended. Pregnant woman, or the nursing mother will have to fast in Qadha after delivery or after weaning the child, as the case may be.
The thirsty person will have to fast in Qadha, if he is able to do so afterwards. Old man and woman are not required (though recommended) to fast in Qadha if he/she regains his /her strength. Muftirat The things or actions which make a fast void (batil) are 10: and 2. Eating or drinking anything. 3. Sexual relation; 4. Speaking, writing or conveying by sign any lie about Allah, Prophets, Imams, or Bibi Fatima (s.a.); 5. Submerging the head in water; 6.
📌Conveying thick dust, smoke or steam up to throat; 7. Vomiting intentionally; 8. Doing any such thing by which semen comes out; 9. Enema with liquid; 10. Remaining in the condition of Janabat, Haiz or Nifas up to Subh as-Sadiq. Note 1: All these things break the fast if they are committed intentionally. If a person forgets that he is fasting, and eats or drinks, his fast is correct.
📌Likewise, if he vomits involuntarily, or speaks something about God or Imams which he thinks is correct (though in fact it is wrong), or somebody else pushes him into water and his head goes into welter; or he sees a dust coming towards him and tries his best to protect himself from it but still inhales some of it involuntarily, his fast is correct. Note 2. Remaining in the condition of Janabat makes fast batil in the month of Ramadhan and in its Qadha only. Other fasts are not affected by it.
📌Note 3. Not doing Ghusl (or Tayammum. if allowed) of Haiz, or Nifas before Subh as-Sadiq (true dawn) makes the fast Batil in the month of Ramadhan only. Other fasts (including the Qadha of Ramadhan) are not affected by it. Note 4. When a fast is broken by any of the above-mentioned Muftirat, or when a person does not keep fast (without any excuse, i.e. illness or travel), he has to pay Kaffara, in addition to its Qadha.
Kaffara The Kaffara of breaking the fast of one day of Ramadhan is: Emancipating a slave; If that is not possible, then, two-months-fast consecutively; and if that is also not possible, then feeding 60 poor Mumins.