ভূমিকা

Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Dialectical Relations of Modernity and Tradition D. Historically and Structurally transcendental Approach Muhammadiyah developed this approach after it encountered the realities within pluralistic societies, and even within Moslem society itself. By doing so Muhammadiyah tried to transform a normative-subjective standard of transcendental concepts into empirically historic concepts.

Accounting for historical and sociological realities, it is re consider ing its missionary targets and its position within global network as whole. Here the missionary target is not expansive to other religions, but within the Moslem community itself. Indeed it is very important to consider historical and sociological realities in order to understand the culture by which it has been able to reach an epistemological structure of knowledge with its norm and values of the society.

The importance of grasping culture had proved, in the Islamic missionary organization of walisanga , a monumental success in Islamizing Indonesia in the early 16th century, considering Islam had entered Indonesia in 674 AD. It took a very long time for missionaries to understand the Indonesian culture and to coordinate suitable Islamic programs. The great people converting to Moslem happened just after the missionaries were able to innovating local culture and surpassed it.

Two factors that improved the chance of success are simultaneously the events of the collapse of the Hind kingdom of Majapahit and the emergence of threat en ing power of the West. The collapse of Majapahit enabled them to establish an Islamic state in the center of political power in Indonesia and to grasp all of Indonesia.

Indeed some Islamic states which acknowledged the supreme power of Majapahit had already existed in the periphery as early as the twelfth century such as Pasai and Samudra Pasai Meanwhile the emerging threat en ing from the West encouraged the people to identify with Islam to encounter the West. Some Moslems preserved fanatically the products of Walisanga’s innovation of traditions so that it hindered them from doing Islamic mission to persist in reforming the Moslem societies.

Missionaries should be able in innovate the culture in the face of modernization so that Moslems are able to respond positively to these trends of modernization and globalization.