ভূমিকা

Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Taqleed & Ijtihad The School of Ijtihad, the Beginning Islam binds every follower to carry out his affairs according to a collection of rules and regulations called “Sharia”. In order to conform one’s actions to a certain rule, it is important to have good knowledge of the relevant rules and regulations. This is why it is everyone’s duty to seek detailed knowledge of tenets (usul) and branches (furu) of Diin.

It makes sense from intellectual point of view and is also supported by the Book and Sunnah. However, to be able to understand the issues and explain satisfactorily, every era has certain requirements and there is need for specific methods of explanation. Since the days of the Holy Prophet (S) until the beginning of great occultation, whenever, people had any difficulty, it was resolved through the loving attention of our great leaders.

However, there came a time when this facility was gone and at the same time new civilization surfaced; new culture took root; travel became easier and ubiquitous; population exploded; world began to shrink; new people started arriving everywhere; intermingling began to occur among people of all races; business boomed; industry grew; new inventions came from everywhere; lifestyle changed; in other words almost all aspects of life including economics and sociology went through revolutionary changes.

As a result a new world order came into being. In these new circumstances there are many things that require clarification for being right or wrong, legitimate or illegitimate. But it is not easy to find the arguments in the Book and the Sunnah. It does not mean that Quran and Sunnah do not have the solutions in their sacred stock.

Solutions are there; however, the fact is that some concerns get resolved with a little knowledge and effort; but other issues require in depth research and thus technical ability. This scholarly curiosity and expert research is called Ijtihad in the language of Fiqh. Another thing; in the history of mankind rules and regulations were needed in all ages.

These may be in the form of traditions or the commandments of an authoritarian or the creation of a people-elected legislature or a collection of rules and regulations given by a religion. In any case within their context these are all known as laws. The stories about old civilizations eulogize the Ashury Civilization a great deal. One of the main reasons is that Hamurabi’s constitution belonged to that era.