311; Tarikh al-tabari 3:93; al-Qanaduzi, Yanabi` al-Mawaddah...

311; Tarikh al-tabari 3:93; al-Qanaduzi, Yanabi` al-Mawaddah 1:47; Ibn al-Athir, al-Kamil fi’l-Tarikh 2:219; Ibn `Abd al-Barr, al-Isi`ab 3:36; al-Hakim al-Naysaburi, al-Mustadrak `Ala’l-sahihayn 3:104; Ibn Husham, al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah 3:349; Ibn Hajar, al-sawa`iq al-Muhriqah, pp. 121; al-Waqidi, al-Maghazi 2:635; Ibn Wazih, Tarikh al-Ya`qubi 2:46; Ibn Kathir, al-Bidayah wa’l-Nihayah 4:186; al-Sirah al-Halabiyyah 2:733-736; Shaykh al-tusi, al-Amali, pp. 380. [^15] sahih Muslim 15:176.

Sa`d ibn Abi-Waqqas (belonged to Banu-Zuhrah) was one of the early converts to Islam at the age of seventeen (Al-tabaqat al-Kubra 3:134) or fourteen (al-Sirah al-Halabiyyah 1:434) in Mecca. In Medina, he was considered one of the great figures of Muhajirun. He was among `Ali's political rivals and one of the…