[^22]. Leonard Binder...

[^22]. Leonard Binder, Islamic Liberalism: A Critique of Development Ideologies (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988), p.102. [^23]. In one of his major studies on modern Islam, Hamilton Gibb argues that the Arab-Islamic mind is atomistic. Consult, Hamilton Gibb, Modern Trends in Islam (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1947), especially chapter one. [^24]. Karl Popper, The Open Society and Its Enemies, two volumes (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1962). Previous…