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Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books The Emendation of A Shi‘ite Creed Chapter on Excess and Delegation (Al-Ghuluww wa’t-Tafwid) ============================================================= Abu Ja‘far says: "Chapter concerning the denial of Excess and Delegation ".ash-Shaykh al-Mufid says: 'Excess' (al-ghuluww)[^1], linguistically means 'exceeding the limit and turning aside from the true goal'. Allah, the Almighty, says: O, People of the Book!
Do not exaggerate in your religion, nor utter aught concerning Allah save the truth [4:171]. Hence, He forbade exceeding the limits concerning the belief in the Messiah, and warned against turning aside from the true goal in speech, and declared the Christians' claims about him excess, since they went beyond the limit, as we have explained.
The Extremists (al-Ghulat) among those who outwardly profess Islam, are those who attribute divinity and prophethood to the Commander of the Believers and Imams of his progeny, peace be upon them, and ascribe to them privileges concerning their status in this world and the world to come, by which they go beyond the limit and turn aside from the goal; hence they are evil-doers and infidels whom the Commander of the Believers *has sentenced to death, and the stake;* [^2] also the Imams, peace be upon them, have branded them with unbelief and departing from the pale of Islam.
Chapter: As for what Abu Ja‘far mentions of the death of our Prophet and the Imams by poison or murder, some of this is confirmed as fact and some not. What is confirmed is that the Commander of the Believers, al-Hasan and al-Husayn, peace be upon them, departed from this world by murder, none of them died a natural death. Musa ibn Ja‘far, peace be upon him, was killed by poison. It is highly probable that ar-Rida (‘Ali ibn Musa) was poisoned, yet this cannot be confirmed.
As for the others, there is no justification for the claim that they were either poisoned or murdered or killed through persecution, since the reports concerning this matter are extremely confused, and there are no means of proving it definitely.
The adherents of the doctrine of delegation (al-Mufawwidah)[^3] are a group of extremists who are distinguished from the others by their peculiar claim that though the Imams are created, originated beings, and not eternal, yet they ascribe to them creation and sustaining.