ভূমিকা

After the Messenger of Allah, Abu Bakr seized Caliphate. He and his

followers claimed that since he was unanimously elected by the

Muslims, he was the righteous leader of the Ummah. Yet, with little reflection upon the matter of Caliphate, one realizes that

it is an extension and continuation of the Prophethood without

revelation. Thereupon, since Prophethood can only be assigned to

someone through Divine specification, likewise Caliphate cannot be

assigned to anyone by mankind; rather, it is a Divine code bestowed

upon men by Divine specification. Moreover, this consensus that Abu Bakr and his followers claim to

have achieved is not valid; because the Ansar, Bani Hashim, Ammar,

Salman, Miqdad, Abu Dhar and many other companions opposed the

election of Abu Bakr to the Divine post, which was previously granted

to Ali (A). Nevertheless, Abu Bakr was able to seize power and

eradicate Ali's (A) and his followers attempts to regain his righteous

Several factors can be cited to have motivated some Muslims to

choose Abu Bakr as their leader:

1.Resentment to see both Prophethood and Imamate posts occupied

by Bani Hashim. This factor was revealed by Umar in a long

conversation with Ibn Abbas: According to Umar:

(If Prophethood and Imamate posts were both occupied by Bani

Hashim) then they would constantly brag about them!! 3. The Arabs, especially the Quraishans envy of Ali (A)

4.Ali (A) would lead and judge people according to righteousness and

the right path, had he been chosen as the leader, as Umar stated. It is inevitable after Abu Bakr seized power that Ali (A) should pay

allegiance to him, for it is the natural path of every coup to force the

opposition to announce its support to the -new regime. But what can

they do with Ali who refused to pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr? Can they threaten him? But he is the famous hero who was able to

extinguish the Arab heroes, kill their brave men, and compete with

Can they deceive him (A) into doing so?! But Ali is that cautious man

Nevertheless, allegiance must be taken from Ali at any rate. But behold! What would Lady Fatima's stand be had Ali (A) been

forced to pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr? In other Words, what can be

done if Lady Fatima (A) chooses to defend her husband?! Should they ignore all these obstacles?! Or what should they do?! This created an unsolvable problem for the coup leaders who spent

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long hours reflecting on the issue.

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