When buying and selling, it is not necessary to say a particular formula [or for it to be] in Arabic. For example, if a seller says in English, ‘I sell this property in exchange for this money’, and the buyer says, ‘I accept’, the transaction is valid. However, the buyer and the seller must have an intention to establish (qaṣd al‑inshāʾ) [a contract of sale]; i.e. when they say these sentences, they must intend to buy/sell.