[1] عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ...

Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim, from Mohammed Bin Muslim, Abu Abdullah -asws has said: ‘Allah -azwj did not Send a Prophet -as until He -azwj Took three characteristics to be upon him -as – The acknowledgement to Him -azwj of His -azwj Lordship, and Keeping away from the idols, and that Allah -azwj Brings forwards whatever He -azwj so Desires to, and Delays whatever He -azwj so Desires to’.

[2] The Concept of Badā’ Hence the concept of Bad ā ’ , which is moving forward or delaying matters as per change of decision ( Bad ā ’ ) by Allah -azwj . It is important to understand that Allah -azwj never breaks promises (see Appendix I) but applies Bad ā ’ but why Allah -azwj would Apply Bad ā ’ ? It’s, basic purpose is to test the state of the hearts of people – so that believers are separated from non-believers.

And Musa said to his brother Haroun: ‘Be my Caliph among my people and be righteous, and do not follow the way of the mischief makers’ [7:142] There was a trial for the followers of Prophet Musa -as , whether they will remain patient or disbelieve! So most of them disbelieved, see for example, the following Hadith: عن الفضيل بن يسار، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، قال: «إن موسى لما خرج وافدا إلى ربه واعدهم ثلاثين يوما، فلما زاد الله على الثلاثين عشرا قال قومه: أخلفنا موسى. فصنعوا ما صنعوا».

From Al Fazeyl Bin Yasaar, from, Abu Ja’far -asws having said: ‘Musa -as , when he -as went out to his -as Lord -azwj , promised them (his people) thirty days. So when Allah -azwj Increased thirty by ten, his -as people said, ‘Musa -as has left us behind (abandoned us)!’ So they made what they made’.