ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ أَصْحَابَ الْمَيْمَنَةِ وَ هُمُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ حَقّاً بِأَعْيَانِهِمْ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِمْ أَرْبَعَةَ أَرْوَاحٍ رُوحَ الْإِيمَانِ وَ رُوحَ الْقُوَّةِ وَ رُوحَ الشَّهْوَةِ وَ رُوحَ الْبَدَنِ فَلَا يَزَالُ الْعَبْدُ يَسْتَكْمِلُ هَذِهِ الْأَرْوَاحَ الْأَرْبَعَةَ حَتَّى تَأْتِيَ عَلَيْهِ حَالَاتٌ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا هَذِهِ الْحَالَاتُ Then He -azwj Mentioned the companions of the right, and they are the Momineen truly in the meaning.
Allah -azwj Made four spirits to be in them – the spirit of the Emān , and the spirit of the strength, and the spirit of the desires, and spirit of the body. So the servant would not cease to complete these spirits until there come to him certain states’. So the man said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen -asws !
What are these states?’ فَقَالَ أَمَّا أُولَاهُنَّ فَهُوَ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ مِنْكُمْ مَنْ يُرَدُّ إِلى أَرْذَلِ الْعُمُرِ لِكَيْ لا يَعْلَمَ بَعْدَ عِلْمٍ شَيْئاً فَهَذَا يَنْتَقِصُ مِنْهُ جَمِيعُ الْأَرْوَاحِ وَ لَيْسَ بِالَّذِي يَخْرُجُ مِنْ دِينِ اللَّهِ لِأَنَّ الْفَاعِلَ بِهِ رَدَّهُ إِلَى أَرْذَلِ عُمُرِهِ فَهُوَ لَا يَعْرِفُ لِلصَّلَاةِ وَقْتاً وَ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ التَّهَجُّدَ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ لَا بِالنَّهَارِ وَ لَا الْقِيَامَ فِي الصَّفِّ مَعَ النَّاسِ فَهَذَا نُقْصَانٌ مِنْ رُوحِ الْإِيمَانِ وَ لَيْسَ يَضُرُّهُ شَيْئاً So he -asws said: ‘As for the first of these, so it is just as Allah -azwj Mighty and Majestic [22:5] and of you is he who is Brought back to the lowest part of life, so that after having knowledge he does not know anything .
So the entirety of the spirits are deficient from him, and it is not by which he exits from the Religion of Allah -azwj , because the performer of it is returned to the lowest part of his life. Thus, he neither recognises the timings of the Salāt , nor does he have the capacity of the vigil by the night, nor by the day, nor for the standing in the row along with the people (for the Salāt ). So this is a reduction from the spirit of the Emān , and it is not which would harm him by anything.
وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَنْتَقِصُ مِنْهُ رُوحُ الْقُوَّةِ فَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُ جِهَادَ عَدُوِّهِ وَ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ طَلَبَ الْمَعِيشَةِ And from them is one from whom the spirit of the strength is deficient, so he is not able upon fighting his enemies, and he is not able upon seeking the livelihood.