According to the Imamiyyah school...

According to the Imamiyyah school, Hajj al-tamattu ` is obligatory upon one living at a distance of over forty‑eight miles from Mecca, and he may not choose any other kind except in emergency. The Hajj al-qiran and Hajj al‑‘ifrad are performable by the people of Mecca and those living around it within a distance of forty‑eight miles, and it is not permissible for them to perform except one of these two kinds.

This is for those whose household is not in (the precincts of) the Sacred Mosque…..(2:196) Moreover, according to the Imamiyyah school, it is not permissible for one obliged to perform the Hajj al-tamattu` to change over to something else, except for the problem of shortage of time available, or, in the case of women, due to impending menses. In those cases it is permissible to change either to al‑qiran or al‑‘ifrad on condition that the `Umrah is performed after the Hajj.

The limit of the shortage of time is failure to be present at the wuquf in `Arafat until noon. For one whose duty is al‑qiran or al‑‘ifrad, such as the natives of Mecca or those from its surrounding region, it is not permissible to change to al‑tamattu`, except in exigency (such as the fear of impending menses).

After explaining this position of the Imamiyyah school, the author of al‑Jawahir says, "I have not come across any different opinion on this matter." And all the five legal schools agree that the hady is not compulsory for one performing H ajj al‑'ifrad, though better if performed voluntarily.

[^1]: According to al‑Jawahir, al‑Madarik, al‑Hada'iq and other Imamiyyah works on fiqh, it is not permissible for one already in the state of ihram to assume ihram for another purpose, until he completes all the acts of the rite (Hajj or ‘Umrah) for which he had assumed ihram.