Allah however testifies in favour of His Messenger...

Allah however testifies in favour of His Messenger, that he actually conveyed and explained everything clearly to the Ummah .

This was why He declared the religion completed and perfect: اليوم أكملت لكم دينكم وأتممت عليكم نعمتي ورضيت لكم الإسلام دينا This Day, I have perfected your religion for you , completed My Favour upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion.[^10] This is an unmistakable testimony that the Messenger did explain everything in a clear, explicit and simple manner to his followers. He successfully fulfilled his mission.

It was ‘Umar that had once again forgotten completely that the Messenger performed his duty. One then wonders how ‘Umar handled questions and disputes regarding the inheritance of the grandfather, kalalah , usury and the khilafah that were brought to his court. He either relied upon his personal opinion – as in the case of tayammum – or rather guessed and gambled in his judgments.

Another possibility was that he would refer those issues to superior jurists among the Sahabah, radhiyallah ‘anhum , for help. In all cases, his competency as even an ordinary judge falls into serious doubt. It gets really worse when one considers that ‘Umar was the sovereign judge, and that there was no right of appeal against his rulings and judgments. Of the four subjects, ‘Umar had particular difficulty in grasping kalalah . He never understood it till his death.

So, we will flash light upon it, as this situation reveals some more information about him. Imam Muslim records: حدثنا محمد بن أبي بكر المقدمي ومحمد بن المثنى (واللفظ لابن المثنى) قالا حدثنا يحيى بن سعيد حدثنا هشام حدثنا قتادة عن سالم بن أبي الجعد عن معدان بن أبي طلحة أن عمر بن الخطاب خطب يوم جمعة فذكر نبي الله صلى الله عليه و سلم وذكر أبا بكر ثم قال إني لا أدع بعدي شيئا أهم من الكلالة ما راجعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم في شيء ما راجعته في الكلالة وما أغلظ لي في شيء ما أغلظ لي فيه حتى طعن بأصبعه في صدري وقال يا عمر ألا تكفيك آية الصيف التي في آخر سورة النساء ؟ وإني إن أعش أقض فيها بقضية يقضي بها من يقرأ القرآن ومن لا يقرأ القرآن Muhammad b.

Abi Bakr al-Muqaddami and Muhammad b. al-Muthanna – Yahya b. Sa’id – Hisham – Qatadah – Salim b. Abi al-Ja’d – Ma’dan b. Abi Talhah: ‘Umar b. al-Khaṭṭab delivered a sermon on Friday and mentioned the Prophet of Allah, peace be upon him, and also mentioned Abu Bakr. Then he said, “I do not abandon behind me anything more important than kalalah .