The hamzah of inna given a kasrah if...

The hamzah of inna given a kasrah if: • it is at the beginning of a sentence, for example: إنَّ اللهَ غفورٌ (Verily Allah is forgiving.) • it is after the verb قال , for example: قلتُ إنَّکَ وَدودٌ (I said: “Verily you are friendly.) • it is after a request, for example: أفِق إنَّ الفجرَ قد طَلَع (Get up for verily dawn has arrived.) • it is after a vocative, for example: یا بطرسٌ إنَّکَ تکفر بي (O' Peter, you have disbelieved in me.) • it is after ثمّ , for example: ثمَّ أنَّه نَهَضَ فتکلَّمَ (Then, verily he got up and spoke.) • it is after حیثُ , for example: من حیثُ أنَّه عالمٌ خَطَبَ بفصاحةٍ (From one viewpoint he is a scholar who speaks eloquently.) • it is after إذ , for example: تُب إذ إنَّ اللهَ راحمٌ (Repent, for surely Allah is merciful.) • it is after the interrogative ألا , for example: ألا إنَّ الدنیا کأحلامِ نائمٍ (Don't you know that the world is like a dream.) When is the hamzah of inna given a fathah ?

The hamzah of inna given a fathah if it, with its predicate, have the meaning of an infinitive. Examples of this in the different cases are: • in the nominative case: بَلَغَني أنَّکَ راحل (It has reached me that you are leaving.) • in the accusative case: عرفتُ أنَّکَ قادمٌ (I know that you are coming.) • in the genitive case: تعلَّم في صغرِک لأنَّ الوقتَ قصیرٌ (Learn in your youth because of short time.) Is the inchoative lām added to the subject or predicate of inna ?

The inchoative lām added to the subject or predicate of inna for emphasis. It is added to whichever one comes last. For example: إنَّ اللهَ لغفورٌ (Verily Allah is forgiving) or أنَّ في الدارِ لزَیداً (Verily Zayd is in the house.) Is anything added to the particles which resemble a verb? Yes, the lā that denies a whole genus is added to the particles which resemble a verb and performs the same action that the particles do.

For example: لا رجلَ حاضرٌ (No man is present.) What is the ruling of the lā that denies a whole genus? The lā that denies a whole genus puts its subject into the accusative state if it is prefixed to another word. For example: لا کتابَ سفاهةٍ ممدوحٌ (No foolish book is praised.) It makes its subject indeclinable on the accusative sign if it is not prefixed to another noun. For example: لا زائرین عندکم (No pilgrim is with you.) Previous…