Abu Rafi' was the first to write on the science of military...

Abu Rafi' was the first to write on the science of military expeditions and biographies in Islam[1]; he wrote the book al-Sunan wa al-Ahkam wa al-Qada'[2]; the (of the Prophet) [1] Te'sees al-Shi'a li 'Uloom al-Islam, p. 232. [2] A'yan al-Shi'a, vol., part 2, pp. 34-35. admired and magnified this book.[1] There are many writers like these scholars who have lighted the intellectual life in Islam.

After his father, Imam al-Hasan, the sweet basil and first grandson of the Prophet, developed those science foundations and took care of them, but these foundations were moved from Kufa to Yethrib (Medina) after the Iraqis had deserted him. He, peace be on him, used the Mosque of the Prophet as an institute for giving his scientific lectures. The narrators of traditions have mentioned some of his eminent students and the narrators of his sayings. They are al-Hasan al-Muthanna, al-Musayyab b.

Nujba, Swayd b. Ghafla, al-Ala' b. 'Abd al-Rahman, al-Sha'bi, Hubayra b. Barkam, al-Asbagh b. Nabbata, Jabir b. Khuld, Abu al-Jauwaz, Isa b. Ma'mun b. Zarara, Naffala b. al-Ma'mum, Abu Yehya Umayr b. Saeed al-Nakha'i, Abu Maryam b. Qays al-Thaqafi, Tuhrub al-Ajali, Ishaq b. Yasar (the father of Muhammed b. Ishaq), 'Abd al-Rahman b. 'Awf, Sufayn b. al-Layl, and 'Umar b.

Qays al-Qufun.[2] Yethrib flourished during that time and became the richest of all the Islamic cities in science, literature, and culture. After the death of his brother, Imam al-Husayn, peace be on him, undertook taking care of that institute and supplying its students with different kinds of science. However, he did not last for a long time because he met a difficult affliction and trial from the tyrant of his time, Yazid b. Mu'awiya, who made public unbelief and atheism.

So Imam al-Husayn, peace be on him, thought that the religious duty made it incumbent on him to sacrifice his valuable blood for the religion of his grandfather. He also felt that he had to sacrifice his star children and his household for the sake of the word of monotheism and to save the Muslims from the tyranny and violence of the Umayyads. Through that he could record for the truth and the thought the most wonderful, noblest, and highest sacrifice in human history.

After the martyrdom of the one who refused injustice (i.e., Imam al-Husayn)[3], his son Imam 'Ali b. al-Husayn devoted himself to worship. He fasted by day and spent night in worship. So he became like an old small-sized water-bag out of too much worship.