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Shiavault - a Vault of Shia Islamic Books Jurisprudence Made Easy Glossary Ada’: On time: when prayer, or any other act of worship is performed on its appointed time. (See qadha’). Adhan: The call for prayer. Al’amr bil ma’rouf wan nahi anil munkar: Enjoining what is good and forbdding what is evil. Aqiqah: A sacrificial offering on the seventh day of the newly born child. (a.s.): An acronym for “Alaihis salaam”: May peace be with him. Asr: Afternoon prayer. Aya: (Lit.

a sign): verse, or unit, of the Holy Qur’an. Ayas of Sajdah: The four Qur’anic Verses in the Chapters: Iqra’, an-Najm, as-Sajdah, and Fussilat; it is obligatory to prostrate oneself on hearing them recited. Ba’adaz zawaal: After the disc of the sun descends towards the West from its emith (noon). (See zawaal) Basmalah: An acronym for “Bismillahir Rahman ar Rahim”: In the Name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful.

Batil: Null, void, invalid or unlawful, e.g.A contract becomes batil when it does not satisfy the divine practical laws of Islam. Dhuhr: Noon, or lunchtime, prayer. Dhikr: Remembrance: The utterances during the third ruku’ and fourth of a prayer. Eid: Festivities marking the end of the fasting season, or festivities of the sacrifice after hajj. Farsakh: A unit of distance, equivalent to approx. 5.5 kilometer. Fatwa: Religious edict, or legal opinion.

Fidya: Redemption (from certain religious obligations by a material donation or ritual act). Fiqh: Jurisprudence. Ghusl: Obligatory bathing that is required after certain acts or occurrences. Hadith: Prophetic tradition: sayings and actions of Prophet Mohammad (s.a.w.) Hady: Sacrificial offering, as part of hajj rituals.

Hajj: The pilgrimage to Mekkah undertaken according to the prescribed ritual during the month of Thil Hijja: Hajjatul Islam: A Muslim’s maiden pilgrimage to Mekkah, that is obligatory when you can afford the journey. Halal: Lawful for use, consumption, or to act upon. Haraam/Muharram: Unlawful or forbidden for use, consumption, or to act upon.

Harakaat: Diacritical marks, such as shaddah, maddah, tanween, hamzatul wasl or qat’, appearing above the Arabic characters or below them that denote and aid the proper pronunciation of the words, both independently and in relation to other words in the sentence. Haydh: Menstruation. Heddet-tarakhus: The point at the periphery of a town where, for example, adhan could be heard. This concerns distances to determine whether prayer should be said tamam or qasr.