So, those who maintain that God has a son or equal, or that...

So, those who maintain that God has a son or equal, or that He has been begotten profess polytheism in Essence. The Holy Qur'an strongly condemns this type of belief. Tawhid in Attributes The Essence of God has Attributes which we can understand through Their effects, such as the Knowledgeable { al-'Alim }, the Living { al-Hayy }, the Wise { al-Hakim }, and the Ever-Living { al-Qayyum }.

We relate these Attributes to the Essence, saying that God, the Blessed and Exalted, is One in Essence and Attributes. Since all these Attributes relate back to the Essence, there is no multiplicity in the Attributes and all Attributes are one. Every Attribute is identical with the other Attribute. For example, His Knowledge { 'Ilm } is His Power { Qudrah }. Therefore, the plurality of Attributes according to our understanding is related to the effects of the Single Essence.

As such, His Attributes and Essence are One and not that He has One Essence and many Attributes.}. Therefore, the plurality of Attributes according to our understanding is related to the effects of the Single Essence. As such, His Attributes and Essence are One and not that He has One Essence and many Attributes.}. Therefore, the plurality of Attributes according to our understanding is related to the effects of the Single Essence.

As such, His Attributes and Essence are One and not that He has One Essence and many Attributes. Tawhid in Actions Tawhid in Actions is also like Tawhid in Essence in the sense that the origin of every action in the world of being is the Divine Sacred Essence, and will finally relate to Him.

We should know that every Action that we ascribe to Him will be the same as His other Action, and there is no difference and distinction among the Actions of God, and the apparent duplicity in the Actions of God is caused by our perception: ﴿وَلاَ تَقُولَنَّ لِشَيْءٍ إِنِّي فَاعِلٌ ذَلِكَ غَدًا إِلاَّ أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ وَاذْكُرْ رَبَّكَ إِذَا نَسِيتَ.﴾ Do not say about anything, 'I will indeed do it tomorrow,' without {adding}, 'if Allah wishes.' And when you forget, remember your Lord .

[^5] So, all our wishes are within the domain of His will and all the actions of God are one: لاَ حَوْلَ وَلاَ قُوَّةَ إلاَّ بِاللهِ العَلِيِّ العَظِيمِ. “There is no might and power except from Allah, the Exalted and Great.” Those who have such belief, attributing all actions to God have the belief in Tawhid in Action.

✦ ✦ ✦