Al-Kāfi - The Book of Prayer

Chapter: One Who Misses Friday Salah (Prayer) With Imam 1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِي٠َ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُ٠َانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلا٠ْ يُدْرِكِ الْخُطْبَةَ يَوْ٠ُعَةِ قَالَ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَإِنْ فَاتَتْهُ الصَّلاَةُ فَلَ٠ْ يُدْرِكْهَا فَلْيُصَلِّ أَرْبَعاً وَقَالَ إِذَا أَدْرَكْتَ الإِ٠َ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْكَعَ الرَّكْعَةَ الأخِيرَةَ فَقَدْ أَدْرَكْتَ الصَّلاَةَ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ أَدْرَكْتَهُ بَعْدَ ٠َا رَكَعَ فَهِيَ الظُّهْرُ أَرْبَعٌ.

He (the Imam) said, ‘He can perform the two Rak‘at, but if he misses Salah (prayer), he performs four Rak‘at.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If you join the Imam before the Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees) for the last Rak‘at, you have attended Salah (prayer), but if you join the Imam after Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees) of the last Rak‘at, then it is al-Dhuhr and four Rak‘at.’” حسن - Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi (Mirʾāt al-ʿUqūl fī Sharḥ Akhbār Āl al-Rasūl (15/367))