Al-Kāfi - The Book of Adjudication and Rules

Al-Kāfi - The Book of Adjudication and Rules ِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْ٠َّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَفَعَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلا٠) قَالَ الْقُضَاةُ أَرْبَعَةٌ ثَلاثَةٌ فِي النَّارِ وَوَاحِدٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ رَجُلٌ قَضَى بِجَوْرٍ وَهُوَ يَعْلَ٠ُ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ وَرَجُلٌ قَضَى بِجَوْرٍ وَهُوَ لا يَعْلَ٠ُ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ وَرَجُلٌ قَضَى بِالْحَقِّ وَهُوَ لا يَعْلَ٠ُ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ وَرَجُلٌ قَضَى بِالْحَقِّ وَهُوَ يَعْلَ٠ُ فَهُوَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَقَالَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلا٠ُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَ٠َنْ أَخْطَأَ حُكْ٠ِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ.

There is a man who issues judgments unjustly but he does not know, he also is in the fire; and there is a man who issues judgments that are right but he does not have the knowledge, he also is in the fire. There is a man who issues the right kind of judgments, based on his right knowledge, thus he is in the garden (paradises).’ “He (the Imam) (a.s.), has said, ‘Judgments are of two kinds: the judgments under rules of Allah and the judgments of ignorance.

If one misses the law and judgment of Allah, he then has judged by the judgment of ignorance.’” رفوع - Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi (Mirʾāt al-ʿUqūl fī Sharḥ Akhbār Āl al-Rasūl (24/266))